Heating Systems

If you plan to camp in cold weather, a dedicated heating system is the difference between a great trip and a miserable one. This guide dives deeper into the specific systems, brands, and installation requirements for each heating option.

Heating basics

For a general overview of all heating options with pros/cons, see our main Heat guide. This page goes deeper into the practical details of choosing and installing a heating system.

Bottom Line Up Front

For most van builds that will see cold weather: a Chinese diesel heater ($100-200) is the best option. Cheap, effective, sips fuel, and uses minimal electricity. If you have a gas vehicle and don't want a second fuel type, a vented propane heater ($400-800) is the next best choice.

Diesel heaters in depth

Chinese diesel heaters (often sold under brands like Vevor, Hcalory, or generic names on Amazon) have become the dominant heating choice in the van build community. They're essentially clones of the much more expensive Webasto and Espar heaters, and while they're not as refined, they work surprisingly well for the price.

Chinese diesel heater ($100-200)

These are 2kW or 5kW units that burn diesel fuel to heat air, which is blown into the van through a duct. They include a fuel pump, combustion chamber, fuel tank (usually 5-10 liters), and a control unit with thermostat.

  • Fuel consumption: 0.1-0.5 liters per hour (a gallon can last 2-3+ days of regular use)
  • Power draw: 1-2 amps average (10-25W) - negligible on any battery system
  • Heat output: 2kW is enough for most vans, 5kW is overkill but gives more headroom
  • Noise: Moderate - you'll hear the combustion fan and fuel pump tick. Not silent, but most people sleep fine with it

Name brand diesel (Webasto, Espar) - $800-2,500

These are the "real" diesel heaters that the Chinese units are cloned from. Webasto Air Top and Espar Airtronic are the most common.

  • Significantly quieter than Chinese heaters
  • Better build quality and more reliable long-term
  • Better customer support and warranty
  • Same fuel efficiency and heating capability
  • Worth it if: Budget allows, you value quiet operation, or this is a professional/commercial build

If you have a diesel vehicle:

You can tap into your vehicle's existing fuel tank instead of using a separate tank. This eliminates the need to carry and refill a separate fuel supply. Just make sure the pickup is positioned so you can't accidentally run the heater and drain your driving fuel completely.

Vented propane heaters

Vented propane heaters (like Propex) are sealed combustion units that draw air from outside, burn propane, and vent the exhaust back outside. The heated air is blown into the van through a separate, clean air stream. This is important - the combustion gases never enter the living space.

Key specifications:

  • Cost: $400-800 for the unit, plus installation materials
  • Fuel: Uses standard propane (share with cooking setup if you have one)
  • Power draw: 1-3 amps for the fan - similar to diesel heaters
  • Heat output: 3,000-6,000 BTU depending on model
  • Noise: Generally quieter than Chinese diesel heaters

Vented propane makes the most sense if you already have a propane system for cooking (share the tank), or if you have a gas vehicle and don't want to deal with a separate diesel fuel supply.

Electric heating

Electric heating is the simplest option from an installation standpoint but the most demanding on your electrical system. There are two main approaches:

Portable space heater

A standard 120V space heater running through your inverter. Easy and cheap ($20-40 for the heater itself), but uses 750-1500W. This is really only practical if you're plugged into shore power or have an enormous battery bank.

The math: A 1500W heater draws 125 amps from a 12V battery. Running it for 2 hours would drain 250Ah - almost an entire 280Ah battery. This is not viable for off-grid use.

Electric blanket or heating pad

A much more practical electric heating approach. A 12V electric blanket uses only 40-60W (3-5 amps). Running one all night (8 hours) uses 24-40Ah - totally manageable on even a modest battery system.

Best for: Moderate cold where you just need to take the edge off at bedtime. Not enough for extreme cold, but surprisingly effective for 30-50°F nights.

Practical combo: A diesel heater for true cold weather, plus a 12V electric blanket for mild nights when you don't want to bother with the heater. The blanket adds comfort on marginal nights without the noise and startup time of a diesel heater.

Installation requirements

Diesel heater installation

  • Mounting: Usually mounted under the van or through the floor. Needs secure mounting to handle vibration
  • Exhaust: Must exit underneath the van, away from any openings (windows, vents). Use the included exhaust pipe and heat shielding
  • Air intake: Combustion air comes from outside (separate from the heated air blown into the van)
  • Fuel tank: Mount securely, accessible for refilling. Keep away from heat sources
  • Ducting: Hot air duct goes from the heater through the floor and into the living space
  • Electrical: Connect to 12V battery system. Draw is minimal but needs to be fused properly

Propane heater installation

  • Propane supply: Run proper propane lines with flare fittings from tank to heater
  • Combustion air: Intake and exhaust both go outside through the floor or wall
  • Propane tank: Must be properly secured and, in many jurisdictions, accessible from outside the vehicle
  • Testing: Pressure test all connections and use a propane leak detector

Safety considerations

Non-negotiable safety items:

  • Carbon monoxide detector - Install one near sleeping height. Any combustion heating creates CO risk if there's a malfunction. Battery-operated, $20-30. This is the most important safety item in your van
  • Proper exhaust routing - Exhaust must exit outside the van, away from any openings. Never route exhaust where it could enter the living space
  • Propane leak detector - If using propane, install a detector near the floor (propane is heavier than air). $20-30
  • Fire extinguisher - Keep one accessible. ABC-rated, not expired

A note on portable propane heaters (Mr. Buddy): We don't recommend these for sleeping in a van. They're designed for open spaces, not sealed vehicles. In a closed van at night, they can consume oxygen and produce carbon monoxide at levels that are genuinely dangerous. People have died from using unvented propane heaters in enclosed spaces. Use a properly vented heating system instead.

My recommendation

For cold weather camping: A Chinese diesel heater ($100-200). It's cheap, effective, uses almost no electricity, and a gallon of diesel lasts days. The installation is a weekend project. Yes, it takes some tinkering to dial in, but the value is unbeatable.

For mild/moderate cold: A 12V electric blanket ($30-50) might be all you need. It uses minimal power and requires zero installation. Use it alone for 30-50°F nights, or as a supplement to a diesel heater on really cold nights.

Skip if: You only camp in warm weather. A good sleeping bag handles cool nights just fine, and your van's built-in heater works when you're driving.